Introduces ordinary differential equations, systems of linear equations, matrices, determinants, vector spaces, linear transformations, and systems of linear differential equations. Prereq., APPM 1360 ...

Vector spaces, linear transformation, matrix representation, inner product spaces, isometries, least squares, generalised inverse, eigen theory, quadratic forms, norms, numerical methods. The fourth ...

If \(A\) is a \(3\times 3\) matrix then we can apply a linear transformation to each rgb vector via matrix multiplication, where \([r,g,b]\) are the original values ...

Let X be a Banach space, J = [0, a], Δ = {(t, s) : 0 ≤ s ≤ t ≤ a} and consider the initial-value problem for the linear integrodifferential equation $\mathrm{u ...

Fuzzy normed linear spaces extend conventional normed spaces by integrating a degree of imprecision through fuzzy set theory, thereby quantifying uncertainty in the measurement of vector magnitude. In ...