The travelling salesman problem as applied to ants in an ant colony. The ants initially lay down a path (1) but wind up exploring a myriad of possible interconnected paths (2) over time.

With neither minds nor maps- chemical-sensing immune players do well with decades-old mathematical problem, a computer simulation reveals.

Forget GPS. With no fancy maps or even brains, immune system cells can solve a simple version of the traveling-salesman problem, a computational conundrum that has vexed mathematicians for decades.

The most efficient path that visits each of 2 million stars just once We have found the best path to take between the stars. The travelling salesman problem, an infamous mathematical puzzle that ...