The limited access afforded to circuit nodes by PCBs densely populated with tiny components seriously challenges traditional PCB test strategies. But while optical and x-ray inspection can help fill ...

To understand a series circuit, visualize it. You can do that by making a drawing. Just draw a box, to start with. This box represents your circuit. Notice there is only one path: the perimeter of the ...

Production test of a finished electronic product often involves two techniques: in-circuit test (ICT) and functional component test (FCT). The ICT technique examines a non-powered circuit board to ...

Why are test points a crucial element in developing a successful circuit? Types of test points available, and the different techniques that employ them. Electronic design has always been an endeavor ...

At-speed testing and delay defect analysis have become increasingly critical in ensuring the reliability and performance of modern integrated circuits. As circuit complexity grows alongside rapid ...