Modulation bandwidths continue to grow, promising higher data rates yet imposing test difficulties. Most test technologies are still rooted in past, narrowband architectures, which are increasingly ...

For a long time, scientists associated crystal structures with an ordered arrangement of atoms in a repeating lattice-like pattern, believing it to be the most stable configuration. However, by the ...

Directly modulated semiconductor lasers represent a crucial technology in modern optical communications, where the injection current is directly varied to encode information onto the laser output.