This study shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination generate strong, highly specific spike-binding immune responses ...

Researchers at the University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne have determined that the novel mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines not only induce acquired immune responses such as antibody ...

Multicellular organisms are a mosaic of different cells, tissues, and systems, each with their own specific function and interactions with other cells within the organism and/or the larger environment ...

In a recent review published in the journal Cell, a group of authors explored existing immunological assumptions to better understand unresolved phenomena and improve vaccine design, autoimmune ...

Mammalian immunity has long been thought to rely solely on proteins and specialized immune cells. However, a newly proposed concept—RNA immunity—is reshaping this perspective. In a recent publication ...