Switching from Google Docs to Zettlr finally gave me control over drafts, versions, and long-form writing.
I am a Google Docs power user. In fact, according to Grammarly, I've written over 6 million words in Google Docs over the past 18 months, so it's pretty safe to assume I live and die by the service.
While I have not put these systems into use myself, I know that Microsoft's Share Point product is supposed to do just what you are asking for, IIRC.