Meanwhile, Poland is holding the first round of the presidential election, as President Andrzej Duda is stepping down due to term limits. If no candidate gets more than 50% of the vote, a run-off between the top two will be held on 1 June 2025.

Voters in Portugal are returning to the polls for a third general election in three years. The country’s increasingly fragmented political landscape defies efforts to unite behind policies on pressing national issues such as immigration,