Printed-circuit boards used to be works of art, and the PCB designer was an artist as well as a technician. Components had many different shapes, sizes, and colors, and the traces connecting them were ...
We have all had difficulty testing diodes in-circuit. Most DMM’s have a diode Vf function that measures forward drop, but what is the normal voltage drop? Analog VOM’s attempt to measure resistance of ...
In-circuit test (ICT) has been instrumental in identifying manufacturing process defects and component defects on countless varieties of populated printed circuit board (PCB) assemblies for more than ...